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برق و الکترونیک::
حالت مرزی
The potential can cause the electron motion to be localized to one region of space, forming what is called a bound state.
This is the zero-point energy for the bound state.
This forces the lowest energy bound state in a confining potential to have a minimum curvature and hence a minimum energy.
Particle motion is localized to one region of space, so only bound states can exist as solutions to the Schrödinger equation.
This equation shows that current is carried by a superposition of stationary bound states.
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